28 Numerics library [numerics]

28.9 Basic linear algebra algorithms [linalg]

28.9.1 Overview [linalg.overview]

Subclause [linalg] defines basic linear algebra algorithms.

The algorithms that access the elements of arrays view those elements through mdspan ([views.multidim]).

28.9.2 Header <linalg> synopsis [linalg.syn]

namespace std::linalg { // [linalg.tags.order], storage order tags struct column_major_t; inline constexpr column_major_t column_major; struct row_major_t; inline constexpr row_major_t row_major; // [linalg.tags.triangle], triangle tags struct upper_triangle_t; inline constexpr upper_triangle_t upper_triangle; struct lower_triangle_t; inline constexpr lower_triangle_t lower_triangle; // [linalg.tags.diagonal], diagonal tags struct implicit_unit_diagonal_t; inline constexpr implicit_unit_diagonal_t implicit_unit_diagonal; struct explicit_diagonal_t; inline constexpr explicit_diagonal_t explicit_diagonal; // [linalg.layout.packed], class template layout_blas_packed template<class Triangle, class StorageOrder> class layout_blas_packed; // [linalg.helpers], exposition-only helpers // [linalg.helpers.concepts], linear algebra argument concepts template<class T> constexpr bool is-mdspan = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept in-vector = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept out-vector = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept inout-vector = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept in-matrix = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept out-matrix = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept inout-matrix = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept possibly-packed-inout-matrix = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept in-object = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept out-object = see below; // exposition only template<class T> concept inout-object = see below; // exposition only // [linalg.scaled], scaled in-place transformation // [linalg.scaled.scaledaccessor], class template scaled_accessor template<class ScalingFactor, class NestedAccessor> class scaled_accessor; // [linalg.scaled.scaled], function template scaled template<class ScalingFactor, class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor> constexpr auto scaled(ScalingFactor alpha, mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor> x); // [linalg.conj], conjugated in-place transformation // [linalg.conj.conjugatedaccessor], class template conjugated_accessor template<class NestedAccessor> class conjugated_accessor; // [linalg.conj.conjugated], function template conjugated template<class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor> constexpr auto conjugated(mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor> a); // [linalg.transp], transpose in-place transformation // [linalg.transp.layout.transpose], class template layout_transpose template<class Layout> class layout_transpose; // [linalg.transp.transposed], function template transposed template<class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor> constexpr auto transposed(mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor> a); // [linalg.conjtransposed], conjugated transpose in-place transformation template<class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor> constexpr auto conjugate_transposed(mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor> a); // [linalg.algs.blas1], BLAS 1 algorithms // [linalg.algs.blas1.givens], Givens rotations // [linalg.algs.blas1.givens.lartg], compute Givens rotation template<class Real> struct setup_givens_rotation_result { Real c; Real s; Real r; }; template<class Real> struct setup_givens_rotation_result<complex<Real>> { Real c; complex<Real> s; complex<Real> r; }; template<class Real> setup_givens_rotation_result<Real> setup_givens_rotation(Real a, Real b) noexcept; template<class Real> setup_givens_rotation_result<complex<Real>> setup_givens_rotation(complex<Real> a, complex<Real> b) noexcept; // [linalg.algs.blas1.givens.rot], apply computed Givens rotation template<inout-vector InOutVec1, inout-vector InOutVec2, class Real> void apply_givens_rotation(InOutVec1 x, InOutVec2 y, Real c, Real s); template<class ExecutionPolicy, inout-vector InOutVec1, inout-vector InOutVec2, class Real> void apply_givens_rotation(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InOutVec1 x, InOutVec2 y, Real c, Real s); template<inout-vector InOutVec1, inout-vector InOutVec2, class Real> void apply_givens_rotation(InOutVec1 x, InOutVec2 y, Real c, complex<Real> s); template<class ExecutionPolicy, inout-vector InOutVec1, inout-vector InOutVec2, class Real> void apply_givens_rotation(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InOutVec1 x, InOutVec2 y, Real c, complex<Real> s); // [linalg.algs.blas1.swap], swap elements template<inout-object InOutObj1, inout-object InOutObj2> void swap_elements(InOutObj1 x, InOutObj2 y); template<class ExecutionPolicy, inout-object InOutObj1, inout-object InOutObj2> void swap_elements(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InOutObj1 x, InOutObj2 y); // [linalg.algs.blas1.scal], multiply elements by scalar template<class Scalar, inout-object InOutObj> void scale(Scalar alpha, InOutObj x); template<class ExecutionPolicy, class Scalar, inout-object InOutObj> void scale(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, Scalar alpha, InOutObj x); // [linalg.algs.blas1.copy], copy elements template<in-object InObj, out-object OutObj> void copy(InObj x, OutObj y); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-object InObj, out-object OutObj> void copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InObj x, OutObj y); // [linalg.algs.blas1.add], add elementwise template<in-object InObj1, in-object InObj2, out-object OutObj> void add(InObj1 x, InObj2 y, OutObj z); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-object InObj1, in-object InObj2, out-object OutObj> void add(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InObj1 x, InObj2 y, OutObj z); // [linalg.algs.blas1.dot], dot product of two vectors template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, class Scalar> Scalar dot(InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2, Scalar init); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, class Scalar> Scalar dot(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2, Scalar init); template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2> auto dot(InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2> auto dot(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2); template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, class Scalar> Scalar dotc(InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2, Scalar init); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, class Scalar> Scalar dotc(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2, Scalar init); template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2> auto dotc(InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2> auto dotc(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2); // [linalg.algs.blas1.ssq], scaled sum of squares of a vector's elements template<class Scalar> struct sum_of_squares_result { Scalar scaling_factor; Scalar scaled_sum_of_squares; }; template<in-vector InVec, class Scalar> sum_of_squares_result<Scalar> vector_sum_of_squares(InVec v, sum_of_squares_result<Scalar> init); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec, class Scalar> sum_of_squares_result<Scalar> vector_sum_of_squares(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v, sum_of_squares_result<Scalar> init); // [linalg.algs.blas1.nrm2], Euclidean norm of a vector template<in-vector InVec, class Scalar> Scalar vector_two_norm(InVec v, Scalar init); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec, class Scalar> Scalar vector_two_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v, Scalar init); template<in-vector InVec> auto vector_two_norm(InVec v); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec> auto vector_two_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v); // [linalg.algs.blas1.asum], sum of absolute values of vector elements template<in-vector InVec, class Scalar> Scalar vector_abs_sum(InVec v, Scalar init); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec, class Scalar> Scalar vector_abs_sum(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v, Scalar init); template<in-vector InVec> auto vector_abs_sum(InVec v); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec> auto vector_abs_sum(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v); // [linalg.algs.blas1.iamax], index of maximum absolute value of vector elements template<in-vector InVec> typename InVec::extents_type vector_idx_abs_max(InVec v); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec> typename InVec::extents_type vector_idx_abs_max(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v); // [linalg.algs.blas1.matfrobnorm], Frobenius norm of a matrix template<in-matrix InMat, class Scalar> Scalar matrix_frob_norm(InMat A, Scalar init); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Scalar> Scalar matrix_frob_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Scalar init); template<in-matrix InMat> auto matrix_frob_norm(InMat A); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat> auto matrix_frob_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A); // [linalg.algs.blas1.matonenorm], one norm of a matrix template<in-matrix InMat, class Scalar> Scalar matrix_one_norm(InMat A, Scalar init); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Scalar> Scalar matrix_one_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Scalar init); template<in-matrix InMat> auto matrix_one_norm(InMat A); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat> auto matrix_one_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A); // [linalg.algs.blas1.matinfnorm], infinity norm of a matrix template<in-matrix InMat, class Scalar> Scalar matrix_inf_norm(InMat A, Scalar init); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Scalar> Scalar matrix_inf_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Scalar init); template<in-matrix InMat> auto matrix_inf_norm(InMat A); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat> auto matrix_inf_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A); // [linalg.algs.blas2], BLAS 2 algorithms // [linalg.algs.blas2.gemv], general matrix-vector product template<in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void matrix_vector_product(InMat A, InVec x, OutVec y); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, InVec x, OutVec y); template<in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec> void matrix_vector_product(InMat A, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec> void matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z); // [linalg.algs.blas2.symv], symmetric matrix-vector product template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void symmetric_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, InVec x, OutVec y); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void symmetric_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, InVec x, OutVec y); template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec> void symmetric_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec> void symmetric_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z); // [linalg.algs.blas2.hemv], Hermitian matrix-vector product template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void hermitian_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, InVec x, OutVec y); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void hermitian_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, InVec x, OutVec y); template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec> void hermitian_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec> void hermitian_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z); // [linalg.algs.blas2.trmv], triangular matrix-vector product // Overwriting triangular matrix-vector product template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec x, OutVec y); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec x, OutVec y); // In-place triangular matrix-vector product template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec y); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec y); // Updating triangular matrix-vector product template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z); // [linalg.algs.blas2.trsv], solve a triangular linear system // Solve a triangular linear system, not in place template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec b, OutVec x, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec b, OutVec x, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec b, OutVec x); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec b, OutVec x); // Solve a triangular linear system, in place template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec b, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec b, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec b); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec> void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec b); // [linalg.algs.blas2.rank1], nonsymmetric rank-1 matrix update template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, inout-matrix InOutMat> void matrix_rank_1_update(InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, inout-matrix InOutMat> void matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A); template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, inout-matrix InOutMat> void matrix_rank_1_update_c(InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, inout-matrix InOutMat> void matrix_rank_1_update_c(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A); // [linalg.algs.blas2.symherrank1], symmetric or Hermitian rank-1 matrix update template<class Scalar, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_1_update(Scalar alpha, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, class Scalar, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, Scalar alpha, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_1_update(InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<class Scalar, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_1_update(Scalar alpha, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, class Scalar, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, Scalar alpha, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_1_update(InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t); // [linalg.algs.blas2.rank2], symmetric and Hermitian rank-2 matrix updates // symmetric rank-2 matrix update template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_2_update(InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_2_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A, Triangle t); // Hermitian rank-2 matrix update template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_2_update(InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_2_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A, Triangle t); // [linalg.algs.blas3], BLAS 3 algorithms // [linalg.algs.blas3.gemm], general matrix-matrix product template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C); // [linalg.algs.blas3.xxmm], symmetric, Hermitian, and triangular matrix-matrix product template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void symmetric_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void symmetric_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void hermitian_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void hermitian_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, out-matrix OutMat> void symmetric_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, out-matrix OutMat> void symmetric_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, out-matrix OutMat> void hermitian_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, out-matrix OutMat> void hermitian_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void symmetric_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void symmetric_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void hermitian_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void hermitian_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void symmetric_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void symmetric_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void hermitian_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void hermitian_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat3 E, OutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat3 E, OutMat C); // [linalg.algs.blas3.trmm], in-place triangular matrix-matrix product template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat> void triangular_matrix_left_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat> void triangular_matrix_left_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat C); template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat> void triangular_matrix_right_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat C); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat> void triangular_matrix_right_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat C); // [linalg.algs.blas3.rankk], rank-k update of a symmetric or Hermitian matrix // rank-k symmetric matrix update template<class Scalar, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_k_update(Scalar alpha, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, class Scalar, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, Scalar alpha, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t); template<in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_k_update(InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t); // rank-k Hermitian matrix update template<class Scalar, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_k_update(Scalar alpha, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, class Scalar, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, Scalar alpha, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t); template<in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_k_update(InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t); // [linalg.algs.blas3.rank2k], rank-2k update of a symmetric or Hermitian matrix // rank-2k symmetric matrix update template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_2k_update(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InOutMat C, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void symmetric_matrix_rank_2k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InOutMat C, Triangle t); // rank-2k Hermitian matrix update template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_2k_update(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InOutMat C, Triangle t); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle> void hermitian_matrix_rank_2k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InOutMat C, Triangle t); // [linalg.algs.blas3.trsm], solve multiple triangular linear systems // solve multiple triangular systems on the left, not-in-place template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat X, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat X, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat X); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat X); // solve multiple triangular systems on the right, not-in-place template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat X, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat X, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat X); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat> void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat X); // solve multiple triangular systems on the left, in-place template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat> void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat> void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B); // solve multiple triangular systems on the right, in-place template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat, class BinaryDivideOp> void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B, BinaryDivideOp divide); template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat> void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B); template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat> void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B); }

28.9.3 General [linalg.general]

For the effects of all functions in [linalg], when the effects are described as “computes

R = E

” or “compute

R = E

” (for some R and mathematical expression E), the following apply:

(1.1)
E has the conventional mathematical meaning as written.
(1.2)
The pattern $x^{T}$ should be read as “the transpose of x.”
(1.3)
The pattern $x^{H}$ should be read as “the conjugate transpose of x.”
(1.4)
When R is the same name as a function parameter whose type is a template parameter with Out in its name, the intent is that the result of the computation is written to the elements of the function parameter R.

Some of the functions and types in [linalg] distinguish between the “rows” and the “columns” of a matrix.

For a matrix A and a multidimensional index i, j in A.extents(),

(2.1)
row i of A is the set of elements A[i, k1] for all k1 such that i, k1 is in A.extents(); and
(2.2)
column j of A is the set of elements A[k0, j] for all k0 such that k0, j is in A.extents().

Some of the functions in [linalg] distinguish between the “upper triangle,” “lower triangle,” and “diagonal” of a matrix.

(3.1)
The diagonal is the set of all elements of A accessed by A[i,i] for 0 ≤ i < min(A.extent(0), A.extent(1)).
(3.2)
The upper triangle of a matrix A is the set of all elements of A accessed by A[i,j] with i ≤ j.

It includes the diagonal.
(3.3)
The lower triangle of A is the set of all elements of A accessed by A[i,j] with i ≥ j.

It includes the diagonal.

For any function F that takes a parameter named t, t applies to accesses done through the parameter preceding t in the parameter list of F.

Let m be such an access-modified function parameter.

F will only access the triangle of m specified by t.

For accesses m[i, j] outside the triangle specified by t, F will use the value

(4.1)
conj-if-needed(m[j, i]) if the name of F starts with hermitian,
(4.2)
m[j, i] if the name of F starts with symmetric, or
(4.3)
the additive identity if the name of F starts with triangular.

[Example 1:

Small vector product accessing only specified triangle.

It would not be a precondition violation for the non-accessed matrix element to be non-zero.

template<class Triangle> void triangular_matrix_vector_2x2_product( mdspan<const float, extents<int, 2, 2>> m, Triangle t, mdspan<const float, extents<int, 2>> x, mdspan<float, extents<int, 2>> y) { static_assert(is_same_v<Triangle, lower_triangle_t> || is_same_v<Triangle, upper_triangle_t>); if constexpr (is_same_v<Triangle, lower_triangle_t>) { y[0] = m[0,0] * x[0]; // + 0 * x[1] y[1] = m[1,0] * x[0] + m[1,1] * x[1]; } else { // upper_triangle_t y[0] = m[0,0] * x[0] + m[0,1] * x[1]; y[1] = /* 0 * x[0] + */ m[1,1] * x[1]; } } — end example]

For any function F that takes a parameter named d, d applies to accesses done through the previous-of-the-previous parameter of d in the parameter list of F.

Let m be such an access-modified function parameter.

If d specifies that an implicit unit diagonal is to be assumed, then

(5.1)
F will not access the diagonal of m; and
(5.2)
the algorithm will interpret m as if it has a unit diagonal, that is, a diagonal each of whose elements behaves as a two-sided multiplicative identity (even if m's value type does not have a two-sided multiplicative identity).

Otherwise, if d specifies that an explicit diagonal is to be assumed, then F will access the diagonal of m.

Within all the functions in [linalg], any calls to abs, conj, imag, and real are unqualified.

Two mdspan objects x and y alias each other, if they have the same extents e, and for every pack of integers i which is a multidimensional index in e, x[i...] and y[i...] refer to the same element.

[Note 1:

This means that x and y view the same elements in the same order.

— end note]

Two mdspan objects x and y overlap each other, if for some pack of integers i that is a multidimensional index in x.extents(), there exists a pack of integers j that is a multidimensional index in y.extents(), such that x[i....] and y[j...] refer to the same element.

[Note 2:

Aliasing is a special case of overlapping.

If x and y do not overlap, then they also do not alias each other.

— end note]

28.9.4 Requirements [linalg.reqs]

28.9.4.1 Linear algebra value types [linalg.reqs.val]

Throughout [linalg], the following types are linear algebra value type:

(1.1)
the value_type type alias of any input or output mdspan parameter(s) of any function in [linalg]; and
(1.2)
the Scalar template parameter (if any) of any function or class in [linalg].

Linear algebra value types shall model semiregular .

A value-initialized object of linear algebra value type shall act as the additive identity.

28.9.4.2 Algorithm and class requirements [linalg.reqs.alg]

[linalg.reqs.alg] lists common requirements for all algorithms and classes in [linalg].

All of the following statements presume that the algorithm's asymptotic complexity requirements, if any, are satisfied.

(2.1)
The function may make arbitrarily many objects of any linear algebra value type, value-initializing or direct-initializing them with any existing object of that type.
(2.2)
The triangular solve algorithms in [linalg.algs.blas2.trsv], [linalg.algs.blas3.trmm], [linalg.algs.blas3.trsm], and [linalg.algs.blas3.inplacetrsm] either have a BinaryDivideOp template parameter (see [linalg.algs.reqs]) and a binary function object parameter divide of that type, or they have effects equivalent to invoking such an algorithm.

Triangular solve algorithms interpret divide(a, b) as a times the multiplicative inverse of b.

Each triangular solve algorithm uses a sequence of evaluations of *, *=, divide, unary +, binary +, +=, unary -, binary -, -=, and = operators that would produce the result specified by the algorithm's Effects and Remarks when operating on elements of a field with noncommutative multiplication.

It is a precondition of the algorithm that any addend, any subtrahend, any partial sum of addends in any order (treating any difference as a sum with the second term negated), any factor, any partial product of factors respecting their order, any numerator (first argument of divide), any denominator (second argument of divide), and any assignment is a well-formed expression.
(2.3)
Each function in [linalg.algs.blas1], [linalg.algs.blas2], and [linalg.algs.blas3] that is not a triangular solve algorithm will use a sequence of evaluations of *, *=, +, +=, and = operators that would produce the result specified by the algorithm's Effects and Remarks when operating on elements of a semiring with noncommutative multiplication.

It is a precondition of the algorithm that any addend, any partial sum of addends in any order, any factor, any partial product of factors respecting their order, and any assignment is a well-formed expression.
(2.4)
If the function has an output mdspan, then all addends, subtrahends (for the triangular solve algorithms), or results of the divide parameter on intermediate terms (if the function takes a divide parameter) are assignable and convertible to the output mdspan's value_type.
(2.5)
The function may reorder addends and partial sums arbitrarily.

[Note 1:
Factors in each product are not reordered; multiplication is not necessarily commutative.
— end note]

[Note 2:

The above requirements do not prohibit implementation approaches and optimization techniques which are not user-observable.

In particular, if for all input and output arguments the value_type is a floating-point type, implementers are free to leverage approximations, use arithmetic operations not explicitly listed above, and compute floating point sums in any way that improves their accuracy.

— end note]

[Note 3:

For all functions in [linalg], suppose that all input and output mdspan have as value_type a floating-point type, and any Scalar template argument has a floating-point type.

Then, functions can do all of the following:

(3.1)
compute floating-point sums in any way that improves their accuracy for arbitrary input;
(3.2)
perform additional arithmetic operations (other than those specified by the function's wording and [linalg.reqs.alg]) in order to improve performance or accuracy; and
(3.3)
use approximations (that might not be exact even if computing with real numbers), instead of computations that would be exact if it were possible to compute without rounding error;

as long as

(3.4)
the function satisfies the complexity requirements; and
(3.5)
the function is logarithmically stable, as defined in Demmel 2007[bib].
Strassen's algorithm for matrix-matrix multiply is an example of a logarithmically stable algorithm.

— end note]

28.9.5 Tag classes [linalg.tags]

28.9.5.1 Storage order tags [linalg.tags.order]

The storage order tags describe the order of elements in an mdspan with layout_blas_packed ([linalg.layout.packed]) layout.

🔗

struct column_major_t {
  explicit column_major_t() = default;
};
inline constexpr column_major_t column_major{};

struct row_major_t {
  explicit row_major_t() = default;
};
inline constexpr row_major_t row_major{};

column_major_t indicates a column-major order, and row_major_t indicates a row-major order.

28.9.5.2 Triangle tags [linalg.tags.triangle]

🔗

struct upper_triangle_t {
  explicit upper_triangle_t() = default;
};
inline constexpr upper_triangle_t upper_triangle{};

struct lower_triangle_t {
  explicit lower_triangle_t() = default;
};
inline constexpr lower_triangle_t lower_triangle{};

These tag classes specify whether algorithms and other users of a matrix (represented as an mdspan) access the upper triangle (upper_triangle_t) or lower triangle (lower_triangle_t) of the matrix (see also [linalg.general]).

This is also subject to the restrictions of implicit_unit_diagonal_t if that tag is also used as a function argument; see below.

28.9.5.3 Diagonal tags [linalg.tags.diagonal]

🔗

struct implicit_unit_diagonal_t {
  explicit implicit_unit_diagonal_t() = default;
};
inline constexpr implicit_unit_diagonal_t
  implicit_unit_diagonal{};

struct explicit_diagonal_t {
  explicit explicit_diagonal_t() = default;
};
inline constexpr explicit_diagonal_t explicit_diagonal{};

These tag classes specify whether algorithms access the matrix's diagonal entries, and if not, then how algorithms interpret the matrix's implicitly represented diagonal values.

The implicit_unit_diagonal_t tag indicates that an implicit unit diagonal is to be assumed ([linalg.general]).

The explicit_diagonal_t tag indicates that an explicit diagonal is used ([linalg.general]).

28.9.6 Layouts for packed matrix types [linalg.layout.packed]

28.9.6.1 Overview [linalg.layout.packed.overview]

layout_blas_packed is an mdspan layout mapping policy that represents a square matrix that stores only the entries in one triangle, in a packed contiguous format.

Its Triangle template parameter determines whether an mdspan with this layout stores the upper or lower triangle of the matrix.

Its StorageOrder template parameter determines whether the layout packs the matrix's elements in column-major or row-major order.

A StorageOrder of column_major_t indicates column-major ordering.

This packs matrix elements starting with the leftmost (least column index) column, and proceeding column by column, from the top entry (least row index).

A StorageOrder of row_major_t indicates row-major ordering.

This packs matrix elements starting with the topmost (least row index) row, and proceeding row by row, from the leftmost (least column index) entry.

[Note 1:

layout_blas_packed describes the data layout used by the BLAS' Symmetric Packed (SP), Hermitian Packed (HP), and Triangular Packed (TP) matrix types.

— end note]

namespace std::linalg { template<class Triangle, class StorageOrder> class layout_blas_packed { public: using triangle_type = Triangle; using storage_order_type = StorageOrder; template<class Extents> struct mapping { public: using extents_type = Extents; using index_type = typename extents_type::index_type; using size_type = typename extents_type::size_type; using rank_type = typename extents_type::rank_type; using layout_type = layout_blas_packed; // [linalg.layout.packed.cons], constructors constexpr mapping() noexcept = default; constexpr mapping(const mapping&) noexcept = default; constexpr mapping(const extents_type&) noexcept; template<class OtherExtents> constexpr explicit(!is_convertible_v<OtherExtents, extents_type>) mapping(const mapping<OtherExtents>& other) noexcept; constexpr mapping& operator=(const mapping&) noexcept = default; // [linalg.layout.packed.obs], observers constexpr const extents_type& extents() const noexcept { return extents_; } constexpr index_type required_span_size() const noexcept; template<class Index0, class Index1> constexpr index_type operator() (Index0 ind0, Index1 ind1) const noexcept; static constexpr bool is_always_unique() noexcept { return (extents_type::static_extent(0) != dynamic_extent && extents_type::static_extent(0) < 2) || (extents_type::static_extent(1) != dynamic_extent && extents_type::static_extent(1) < 2); } static constexpr bool is_always_exhaustive() noexcept { return true; } static constexpr bool is_always_strided() noexcept { return is_always_unique(); } constexpr bool is_unique() const noexcept { return extents_.extent(0) < 2; } constexpr bool is_exhaustive() const noexcept { return true; } constexpr bool is_strided() const noexcept { return extents_.extent(0) < 2; } constexpr index_type stride(rank_type) const noexcept; template<class OtherExtents> friend constexpr bool operator==(const mapping&, const mapping<OtherExtents>&) noexcept; private: extents_type extents_{}; // exposition only }; }; }

Mandates:

(5.1)
Triangle is either upper_triangle_t or lower_triangle_t,
(5.2)
StorageOrder is either column_major_t or row_major_t,
(5.3)
Extents is a specialization of std::extents,
(5.4)
Extents::rank() equals 2,
(5.5)
one of extents_type::static_extent(0) == dynamic_extent, extents_type::static_extent(1) == dynamic_extent, or extents_type::static_extent(0) == extents_type::static_extent(1) is true, and
(5.6)
if Extents::rank_dynamic() == 0 is true, let $N_{s}$ be equal to Extents::static_extent(0); then, $N_{s} \times (N_{s} + 1)$ is representable as a value of type index_type.

layout_blas_packed<T, SO>::mapping<E> is a trivially copyable type that models regular for each T, SO, and E.

28.9.6.2 Constructors [linalg.layout.packed.cons]

🔗

constexpr mapping(const extents_type& e) noexcept;

Preconditions:

(1.1)
Let N be equal to e.extent(0).

Then, $N \times (N + 1)$ is representable as a value of type index_type ([basic.fundamental]).
(1.2)
e.extent(0) equals e.extent(1).

Effects: Direct-non-list-initializes extents_ with e.

🔗

template<class OtherExtents>
  explicit(!is_convertible_v<OtherExtents, extents_type>)
    constexpr mapping(const mapping<OtherExtents>& other) noexcept;

Constraints: is_constructible_v<extents_type, OtherExtents> is true.

Preconditions: Let N be other.extents().extent(0).

Then,

N \times (N + 1)

is representable as a value of type index_type ([basic.fundamental]).

Effects: Direct-non-list-initializes extents_ with other.extents().

28.9.6.3 Observers [linalg.layout.packed.obs]

🔗

constexpr index_type required_span_size() const noexcept;

Returns: extents_.extent(0) * (extents_.extent(0) + 1)/2.

[Note 1:

For example, a 5 x 5 packed matrix only stores 15 matrix elements.

— end note]

🔗

template<class Index0, class Index1>
  constexpr index_type operator() (Index0 ind0, Index1 ind1) const noexcept;

Constraints:

(2.1)
is_convertible_v<Index0, index_type> is true,
(2.2)
is_convertible_v<Index1, index_type> is true,
(2.3)
is_nothrow_constructible_v<index_type, Index0> is true, and
(2.4)
is_nothrow_constructible_v<index_type, Index1> is true.

Let i be extents_type::index-cast(ind0), and let j be extents_type::index-cast(ind1).

Preconditions: i, j is a multidimensional index in extents_ ([mdspan.overview]).

Returns: Let N be extents_.extent(0).

Then

(5.1)
(*this)(j, i) if i > j is true; otherwise
(5.2)
i + j * (j + 1)/2 if is_same_v<StorageOrder, column_major_t> && is_same_v<Triangle, upper_triangle_t> is true or is_same_v<StorageOrder, row_major_t> && is_same_v<Triangle, lower_triangle_t> is true; otherwise
(5.3)
j + N * i - i * (i + 1)/2.

🔗

constexpr index_type stride(rank_type r) const noexcept;

Preconditions:

(6.1)
is_strided() is true, and
(6.2)
r < extents_type::rank() is true.

Returns: 1.

🔗

template<class OtherExtents>
  friend constexpr bool operator==(const mapping& x, const mapping<OtherExtents>& y) noexcept;

Effects: Equivalent to: return x.extents() == y.extents();

28.9.7 Exposition-only helpers [linalg.helpers]

28.9.7.1 abs-if-needed [linalg.helpers.abs]

The name abs-if-needed denotes an exposition-only function object.

The expression abs-if-needed(E) for a subexpression E whose type is T is expression-equivalent to:

(1.1)
E if T is an unsigned integer;
(1.2)
otherwise, std::abs(E) if T is an arithmetic type,
(1.3)
otherwise, abs(E), if that expression is valid, with overload resolution performed in a context that includes the declaration template<class T> T abs(T) = delete;
If the function selected by overload resolution does not return the absolute value of its input, the program is ill-formed, no diagnostic required.

28.9.7.2 conj-if-needed [linalg.helpers.conj]

The name conj-if-needed denotes an exposition-only function object.

The expression conj-if-needed(E) for a subexpression E whose type is T is expression-equivalent to:

(1.1)
conj(E), if T is not an arithmetic type and the expression conj(E) is valid, with overload resolution performed in a context that includes the declaration template<class T> T conj(const T&) = delete;
If the function selected by overload resolution does not return the complex conjugate of its input, the program is ill-formed, no diagnostic required;
(1.2)
otherwise, E.

28.9.7.3 real-if-needed [linalg.helpers.real]

The name real-if-needed denotes an exposition-only function object.

The expression real-if-needed(E) for a subexpression E whose type is T is expression-equivalent to:

(1.1)
real(E), if T is not an arithmetic type and the expression real(E) is valid, with overload resolution performed in a context that includes the declaration template<class T> T real(const T&) = delete;
If the function selected by overload resolution does not return the real part of its input, the program is ill-formed, no diagnostic required;
(1.2)
otherwise, E.

28.9.7.4 imag-if-needed [linalg.helpers.imag]

The name imag-if-needed denotes an exposition-only function object.

The expression imag-if-needed(E) for a subexpression E whose type is T is expression-equivalent to:

(1.1)
imag(E), if T is not an arithmetic type and the expression imag(E) is valid, with overload resolution performed in a context that includes the declaration template<class T> T imag(const T&) = delete;
If the function selected by overload resolution does not return the imaginary part of its input, the program is ill-formed, no diagnostic required;
(1.2)
otherwise, ((void)E, T{}).

28.9.7.5 Argument concepts [linalg.helpers.concepts]

The exposition-only concepts defined in this section constrain the algorithms in [linalg].

template<class T> constexpr bool is-mdspan = false; template<class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor> constexpr bool is-mdspan<mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor>> = true; template<class T> concept in-vector = is-mdspan<T> && T::rank() == 1; template<class T> concept out-vector = is-mdspan<T> && T::rank() == 1 && is_assignable_v<typename T::reference, typename T::element_type> && T::is_always_unique(); template<class T> concept inout-vector = is-mdspan<T> && T::rank() == 1 && is_assignable_v<typename T::reference, typename T::element_type> && T::is_always_unique(); template<class T> concept in-matrix = is-mdspan<T> && T::rank() == 2; template<class T> concept out-matrix = is-mdspan<T> && T::rank() == 2 && is_assignable_v<typename T::reference, typename T::element_type> && T::is_always_unique(); template<class T> concept inout-matrix = is-mdspan<T> && T::rank() == 2 && is_assignable_v<typename T::reference, typename T::element_type> && T::is_always_unique(); template<class T> constexpr bool is-layout-blas-packed = false; // exposition only template<class Triangle, class StorageOrder> constexpr bool is-layout-blas-packed<layout_blas_packed<Triangle, StorageOrder>> = true; template<class T> concept possibly-packed-inout-matrix = is-mdspan<T> && T::rank() == 2 && is_assignable_v<typename T::reference, typename T::element_type> && (T::is_always_unique() || is-layout-blas-packed<typename T::layout_type>); template<class T> concept in-object = is-mdspan<T> && (T::rank() == 1 || T::rank() == 2); template<class T> concept out-object = is-mdspan<T> && (T::rank() == 1 || T::rank() == 2) && is_assignable_v<typename T::reference, typename T::element_type> && T::is_always_unique(); template<class T> concept inout-object = is-mdspan<T> && (T::rank() == 1 || T::rank() == 2) && is_assignable_v<typename T::reference, typename T::element_type> && T::is_always_unique();

If a function in [linalg] accesses the elements of a parameter constrained by in-vector, in-matrix, or in-object, those accesses will not modify the elements.

Unless explicitly permitted, any inout-vector, inout-matrix, inout-object, out-vector, out-matrix, out-object, or possibly-packed-inout-matrix parameter of a function in [linalg] shall not overlap any other mdspan parameter of the function.

28.9.7.6 Mandates [linalg.helpers.mandates]

[Note 1:

These exposition-only helper functions use the less constraining input concepts even for the output arguments, because the additional constraint for assignability of elements is not necessary, and they are sometimes used in a context where the third argument is an input type too.

— end note]

template<class MDS1, class MDS2> requires(is-mdspan<MDS1> && is-mdspan<MDS2>) constexpr bool compatible-static-extents(size_t r1, size_t r2) { // exposition only return MDS1::static_extent(r1) == dynamic_extent || MDS2::static_extent(r2) == dynamic_extent || MDS1::static_extent(r1) == MDS2::static_extent(r2)); } template<in-vector In1, in-vector In2, in-vector Out> constexpr bool possibly-addable() { // exposition only return compatible-static-extents<Out, In1>(0, 0) && compatible-static-extents<Out, In2>(0, 0) && compatible-static-extents<In1, In2>(0, 0); } template<in-matrix In1, in-matrix In2, in-matrix Out> constexpr bool possibly-addable() { // exposition only return compatible-static-extents<Out, In1>(0, 0) && compatible-static-extents<Out, In1>(1, 1) && compatible-static-extents<Out, In2>(0, 0) && compatible-static-extents<Out, In2>(1, 1) && compatible-static-extents<In1, In2>(0, 0) && compatible-static-extents<In1, In2>(1, 1); } template<in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec, in-vector OutVec> constexpr bool possibly-multipliable() { // exposition only return compatible-static-extents<OutVec, InMat>(0, 0) && compatible-static-extents<InMat, InVec>(1, 0); } template<in-vector InVec, in-matrix InMat, in-vector OutVec> constexpr bool possibly-multipliable() { // exposition only return compatible-static-extents<OutVec, InMat>(0, 1) && compatible-static-extents<InMat, InVec>(0, 0); } template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix OutMat> constexpr bool possibly-multipliable() { // exposition only return compatible-static-extents<OutMat, InMat1>(0, 0) && compatible-static-extents<OutMat, InMat2>(1, 1) && compatible-static-extents<InMat1, InMat2>(1, 0); }

28.9.7.7 Preconditions [linalg.helpers.precond]

[Note 1:

— end note]

constexpr bool addable( // exposition only const in-vector auto& in1, const in-vector auto& in2, const in-vector auto& out) { return out.extent(0) == in1.extent(0) && out.extent(0) == in2.extent(0); } constexpr bool addable( // exposition only const in-matrix auto& in1, const in-matrix auto& in2, const in-matrix auto& out) { return out.extent(0) == in1.extent(0) && out.extent(1) == in1.extent(1) && out.extent(0) == in2.extent(0) && out.extent(1) == in2.extent(1); } constexpr bool multipliable( // exposition only const in-matrix auto& in_mat, const in-vector auto& in_vec, const in-vector auto& out_vec) { return out_vec.extent(0) == in_mat.extent(0) && in_mat.extent(1) == in_vec.extent(0); } constexpr bool multipliable( // exposition only const in-vector auto& in_vec, const in-matrix auto& in_mat, const in-vector auto& out_vec) { return out_vec.extent(0) == in_mat.extent(1) && in_mat.extent(0) == in_vec.extent(0); } constexpr bool multipliable( // exposition only const in-matrix auto& in_mat1, const in-matrix auto& in_mat2, const in-matrix auto& out_mat) { return out_mat.extent(0) == in_mat1.extent(0) && out_mat.extent(1) == in_mat2.extent(1) && in1_mat.extent(1) == in_mat2.extent(0); }

28.9.8 Scaled in-place transformation [linalg.scaled]

28.9.8.1 Introduction [linalg.scaled.intro]

The scaled function takes a value alpha and an mdspan x, and returns a new read-only mdspan that represents the elementwise product of alpha with each element of x.

[Example 1: using Vec = mdspan<double, dextents<size_t, 1>>; // z = alpha * x + y void z_equals_alpha_times_x_plus_y(double alpha, Vec x, Vec y, Vec z) { add(scaled(alpha, x), y, z); } // z = alpha * x + beta * y void z_equals_alpha_times_x_plus_beta_times_y(double alpha, Vec x, double beta, Vec y, Vec z) { add(scaled(alpha, x), scaled(beta, y), z); } — end example]

28.9.8.2 Class template scaled_accessor [linalg.scaled.scaledaccessor]

The class template scaled_accessor is an mdspan accessor policy which upon access produces scaled elements.

It is part of the implementation of scaled ([linalg.scaled.scaled]).

namespace std::linalg { template<class ScalingFactor, class NestedAccessor> class scaled_accessor { public: using element_type = add_const_t<decltype(declval<ScalingFactor>() * declval<NestedAccessor::element_type>())>; using reference = remove_const_t<element_type>; using data_handle_type = NestedAccessor::data_handle_type; using offset_policy = scaled_accessor<ScalingFactor, NestedAccessor::offset_policy>; constexpr scaled_accessor() = default; template<class OtherNestedAccessor> explicit(!is_convertible_v<OtherNestedAccessor, NestedAccessor>) constexpr scaled_accessor(const scaled_accessor<ScalingFactor, OtherNestedAccessor>& other); constexpr scaled_accessor(const ScalingFactor& s, const NestedAccessor& a); constexpr reference access(data_handle_type p, size_t i) const; constexpr offset_policy::data_handle_type offset(data_handle_type p, size_t i) const; constexpr const ScalingFactor& scaling_factor() const noexcept { return scaling-factor; } constexpr const NestedAccessor& nested_accessor() const noexcept { return nested-accessor; } private: ScalingFactor scaling-factor{}; // exposition only NestedAccessor nested-accessor{}; // exposition only }; }

Mandates:

(2.1)
element_type is valid and denotes a type,
(2.2)
is_copy_constructible_v<reference> is true,
(2.3)
is_reference_v<element_type> is false,
(2.4)
ScalingFactor models semiregular, and
(2.5)
NestedAccessor meets the accessor policy requirements ([mdspan.accessor.reqmts]).

🔗

template<class OtherNestedAccessor>
  explicit(!is_convertible_v<OtherNestedAccessor, NestedAccessor>)
    constexpr scaled_accessor(const scaled_accessor<ScalingFactor, OtherNestedAccessor>& other);

Constraints: is_constructible_v<NestedAccessor, const OtherNestedAccessor&> is true.

Effects:

(4.1)
Direct-non-list-initializes scaling-factor with other.scaling_factor(), and
(4.2)
direct-non-list-initializes nested-accessor with other.nested_accessor().

🔗

constexpr scaled_accessor(const ScalingFactor& s, const NestedAccessor& a);

Effects:

(5.1)
Direct-non-list-initializes scaling-factor with s, and
(5.2)
direct-non-list-initializes nested-accessor with a.

🔗

constexpr reference access(data_handle_type p, size_t i) const;

Returns: scaling_factor() * NestedAccessor::element_type(nested-accessor.access(p, i))

🔗

constexpr offset_policy::data_handle_type offset(data_handle_type p, size_t i) const;

Returns: nested-accessor.offset(p, i)

28.9.8.3 Function template scaled [linalg.scaled.scaled]

The scaled function template takes a scaling factor alpha and an mdspan x, and returns a new read-only mdspan with the same domain as x, that represents the elementwise product of alpha with each element of x.

🔗

  template<class ScalingFactor,
           class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor>
    constexpr auto scaled(ScalingFactor alpha, mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor> x);

Let SA be scaled_accessor<ScalingFactor, Accessor>.

Returns: mdspan<typename SA::element_type, Extents, Layout, SA>(x.data_handle(), x.mapping(), SA(alpha, x.accessor()))

[Example 1: void test_scaled(mdspan<double, extents<int, 10>> x) { auto x_scaled = scaled(5.0, x); for(int i = 0; i < x.extent(0); ++i) { assert(x_scaled[i] == 5.0 * x[i]); } } — end example]

28.9.9 Conjugated in-place transformation [linalg.conj]

28.9.9.1 Introduction [linalg.conj.intro]

The conjugated function takes an mdspan x, and returns a new read-only mdspan y with the same domain as x, whose elements are the complex conjugates of the corresponding elements of x.

28.9.9.2 Class template conjugated_accessor [linalg.conj.conjugatedaccessor]

The class template conjugated_accessor is an mdspan accessor policy which upon access produces conjugate elements.

It is part of the implementation of conjugated ([linalg.conj.conjugated]).

namespace std::linalg { template<class NestedAccessor> class conjugated_accessor { public: using element_type = add_const_t<decltype(conj-if-needed(declval<NestedAccessor::element_type>()))>; using reference = remove_const_t<element_type>; using data_handle_type = typename NestedAccessor::data_handle_type; using offset_policy = conjugated_accessor<NestedAccessor::offset_policy>; constexpr conjugated_accessor() = default; template<class OtherNestedAccessor> explicit(!is_convertible_v<OtherNestedAccessor, NestedAccessor>>) constexpr conjugated_accessor(const conjugated_accessor<OtherNestedAccessor>& other); constexpr reference access(data_handle_type p, size_t i) const; constexpr typename offset_policy::data_handle_type offset(data_handle_type p, size_t i) const; constexpr const Accessor& nested_accessor() const noexcept { return nested-accessor_; } private: NestedAccessor nested-accessor_{}; // exposition only }; }

Mandates:

(2.1)
element_type is valid and denotes a type,
(2.2)
is_copy_constructible_v<reference> is true,
(2.3)
is_reference_v<element_type> is false, and
(2.4)
NestedAccessor meets the accessor policy requirements ([mdspan.accessor.reqmts]).

🔗

constexpr conjugated_accessor(const NestedAccessor& acc);

Effects: Direct-non-list-initializes nested-accessor_ with acc.

🔗

template<class OtherNestedAccessor>
  explicit(!is_convertible_v<OtherNestedAccessor, NestedAccessor>>)
    constexpr conjugated_accessor(const conjugated_accessor<OtherNestedAccessor>& other);

Constraints: is_constructible_v<NestedAccessor, const OtherNestedAccessor&> is true.

Effects: Direct-non-list-initializes nested-accessor_ with other.nested_accessor().

🔗

constexpr reference access(data_handle_type p, size_t i) const;

Returns: conj-if-needed(NestedAccessor::element_type(nested-accessor_.access(p, i)))

🔗

constexpr typename offset_policy::data_handle_type offset(data_handle_type p, size_t i) const;

Returns: nested-accessor_.offset(p, i)

28.9.9.3 Function template conjugated [linalg.conj.conjugated]

🔗

  template<class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor>
    constexpr auto conjugated(mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor> a);

Let A be remove_cvref_t<decltype(a.accessor().nested_accessor())> if Accessor is a specialization of conjugated_accessor, and otherwise conjugated_accessor<Accessor>.

Returns:

(2.1)
If Accessor is a specialization of conjugated_accessor, mdspan<typename A::element_type, Extents, Layout, A>(a.data_handle(), a.mapping(), a.accessor().nested_accessor())
(2.2)
otherwise, mdspan<typename A::element_type, Extents, Layout, A>(a.data_handle(), a.mapping(), conjugated_accessor(a.accessor()))

[Example 1: void test_conjugated_complex(mdspan<complex<double>, extents<int, 10>> a) { auto a_conj = conjugated(a); for(int i = 0; i < a.extent(0); ++i) { assert(a_conj[i] == conj(a[i]); } auto a_conj_conj = conjugated(a_conj); for(int i = 0; i < a.extent(0); ++i) { assert(a_conj_conj[i] == a[i]); } } void test_conjugated_real(mdspan<double, extents<int, 10>> a) { auto a_conj = conjugated(a); for(int i = 0; i < a.extent(0); ++i) { assert(a_conj[i] == a[i]); } auto a_conj_conj = conjugated(a_conj); for(int i = 0; i < a.extent(0); ++i) { assert(a_conj_conj[i] == a[i]); } } — end example]

28.9.10 Transpose in-place transformation [linalg.transp]

28.9.10.1 Introduction [linalg.transp.intro]

layout_transpose is an mdspan layout mapping policy that swaps the two indices, extents, and strides of any unique mdspan layout mapping policy.

The transposed function takes an mdspan representing a matrix, and returns a new mdspan representing the transpose of the input matrix.

28.9.10.2 Exposition-only helpers for layout_transpose and transposed [linalg.transp.helpers]

The exposition-only transpose-extents function takes an extents object representing the extents of a matrix, and returns a new extents object representing the extents of the transpose of the matrix.

The exposition-only alias template transpose-extents-t<InputExtents> gives the type of transpose-extents(e) for a given extents object e of type InputExtents.

🔗

template<class IndexType, size_t InputExtent0, size_t InputExtent1>
  constexpr extents<IndexType, InputExtent1, InputExtent0>
    transpose-extents(const extents<IndexType, InputExtent0, InputExtent1>& in);   // exposition only

Returns: extents<IndexType, InputExtent1, InputExtent0>(in.extent(1), in.extent(0))

template<class InputExtents> using transpose-extents-t = decltype(transpose-extents(declval<InputExtents>())); // exposition only

28.9.10.3 Class template layout_transpose [linalg.transp.layout.transpose]

layout_transpose is an mdspan layout mapping policy that swaps the two indices, extents, and strides of any mdspan layout mapping policy.

namespace std::linalg { template<class Layout> class layout_transpose { public: using nested_layout_type = Layout; template<class Extents> struct mapping { private: using nested-mapping-type = typename Layout::template mapping<transpose-extents-t<Extents>>; // exposition only public: using extents_type = Extents; using index_type = typename extents_type::index_type; using size_type = typename extents_type::size_type; using rank_type = typename extents_type::rank_type; using layout_type = layout_transpose; constexpr explicit mapping(const nested-mapping-type&); constexpr const extents_type& extents() const noexcept { return extents_; } constexpr index_type required_span_size() const { return nested-mapping_.required_span_size(); template<class Index0, class Index1> constexpr index_type operator()(Index0 ind0, Index1 ind1) const { return nested-mapping_(ind1, ind0); } constexpr const nested-mapping-type& nested_mapping() const noexcept { return nested-mapping_; } static constexpr bool is_always_unique() noexcept { return nested-mapping-type::is_always_unique(); } static constexpr bool is_always_exhaustive() noexcept { return nested-mapping-type::is_always_exhaustive(); } static constexpr bool is_always_strided() noexcept { return nested-mapping-type::is_always_strided(); } constexpr bool is_unique() const { return nested-mapping_.is_unique(); } constexpr bool is_exhaustive() const { return nested-mapping_.is_exhaustive(); } constexpr bool is_strided() const { return nested-mapping_.is_strided(); } constexpr index_type stride(size_t r) const; template<class OtherExtents> friend constexpr bool operator==(const mapping& x, const mapping<OtherExtents>& y); }; private: nested-mapping-type nested-mapping_; // exposition only extents_type extents_; // exposition only }; }

Layout shall meet the layout mapping policy requirements ([mdspan.layout.policy.reqmts]).

Mandates:

(3.1)
Extents is a specialization of std::extents, and
(3.2)
Extents::rank() equals 2.

🔗

constexpr explicit mapping(const nested-mapping-type& map);

Effects:

(4.1)
Initializes nested-mapping_ with map, and
(4.2)
initializes extents_ with transpose-extents(map.extents()).

🔗

constexpr index_type stride(size_t r) const;

Preconditions:

(5.1)
is_strided() is true, and
(5.2)
r < 2 is true.

Returns: nested-mapping_.stride(r == 0 ? 1 : 0)

🔗

template<class OtherExtents>
  friend constexpr bool operator==(const mapping& x, const mapping<OtherExtents>& y);

Constraints: The expression x.nested-mapping_ == y.nested-mapping_ is well-formed and its result is convertible to bool.

Returns: x.nested-mapping_ == y.nested-mapping_.

28.9.10.4 Function template transposed [linalg.transp.transposed]

The transposed function takes a rank-2 mdspan representing a matrix, and returns a new mdspan representing the input matrix's transpose.

The input matrix's data are not modified, and the returned mdspan accesses the input matrix's data in place.

🔗

  template<class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor>
    constexpr auto transposed(mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor> a);

Mandates: Extents::rank() == 2 is true.

Let ReturnExtents be transpose-extents-t<Extents>.

Let R be mdspan<ElementType, ReturnExtents, ReturnLayout, Accessor>, where ReturnLayout is:

(3.1)
layout_right if Layout is layout_left;
(3.2)
otherwise, layout_left if Layout is layout_right;
(3.3)
otherwise, layout_stride if Layout is layout_stride;
(3.4)
otherwise, layout_blas_packed<OppositeTriangle, OppositeStorageOrder>, if Layout is
layout_blas_packed<Triangle, StorageOrder> for some Triangle and StorageOrder, where
- (3.4.1)
  OppositeTriangle is conditional_t<is_same_v<Triangle, upper_triangle_t>, lower_triangle_t, upper_triangle_t> and
- (3.4.2)
  OppositeStorageOrder is conditional_t<is_same_v<StorageOrder, column_major_t>, row_major_t, column_major_t>
(3.5)
otherwise, NestedLayout if Layout is layout_transpose<NestedLayout> for some NestedLayout;
(3.6)
otherwise, layout_transpose<Layout>.

Returns: With ReturnMapping being the type typename ReturnLayout::template mapping<ReturnExtents>:

(4.1)
if Layout is layout_left, layout_right, or a specialization of layout_blas_packed, R(a.data_handle(), ReturnMapping(transpose-extents(a.mapping().extents())), a.accessor())
(4.2)
otherwise, if Layout is layout_stride, R(a.data_handle(), ReturnMapping(transpose-extents(a.mapping().extents()), array{a.mapping().stride(1), a.mapping().stride(0)}), a.accessor())
(4.3)
otherwise, if Layout is a specialization of layout_transpose, R(a.data_handle(), a.mapping().nested_mapping(), a.accessor())
(4.4)
otherwise, R(a.data_handle(), ReturnMapping(a.mapping()), a.accessor())

[Example 1: void test_transposed(mdspan<double, extents<size_t, 3, 4>> a) { const auto num_rows = a.extent(0); const auto num_cols = a.extent(1); auto a_t = transposed(a); assert(num_rows == a_t.extent(1)); assert(num_cols == a_t.extent(0)); assert(a.stride(0) == a_t.stride(1)); assert(a.stride(1) == a_t.stride(0)); for(size_t row = 0; row < num_rows; ++row) { for(size_t col = 0; col < num_rows; ++col) { assert(a[row, col] == a_t[col, row]); } } auto a_t_t = transposed(a_t); assert(num_rows == a_t_t.extent(0)); assert(num_cols == a_t_t.extent(1)); assert(a.stride(0) == a_t_t.stride(0)); assert(a.stride(1) == a_t_t.stride(1)); for(size_t row = 0; row < num_rows; ++row) { for(size_t col = 0; col < num_rows; ++col) { assert(a[row, col] == a_t_t[row, col]); } } } — end example]

28.9.11 Conjugate transpose in-place transform [linalg.conjtransposed]

The conjugate_transposed function returns a conjugate transpose view of an object.

This combines the effects of transposed and conjugated.

🔗

  template<class ElementType, class Extents, class Layout, class Accessor>
    constexpr auto conjugate_transposed(mdspan<ElementType, Extents, Layout, Accessor> a);

Effects: Equivalent to: return conjugated(transposed(a));

[Example 1: void test_conjugate_transposed(mdspan<complex<double>, extents<size_t, 3, 4>> a) { const auto num_rows = a.extent(0); const auto num_cols = a.extent(1); auto a_ct = conjugate_transposed(a); assert(num_rows == a_ct.extent(1)); assert(num_cols == a_ct.extent(0)); assert(a.stride(0) == a_ct.stride(1)); assert(a.stride(1) == a_ct.stride(0)); for(size_t row = 0; row < num_rows; ++row) { for(size_t col = 0; col < num_rows; ++col) { assert(a[row, col] == conj(a_ct[col, row])); } } auto a_ct_ct = conjugate_transposed(a_ct); assert(num_rows == a_ct_ct.extent(0)); assert(num_cols == a_ct_ct.extent(1)); assert(a.stride(0) == a_ct_ct.stride(0)); assert(a.stride(1) == a_ct_ct.stride(1)); for(size_t row = 0; row < num_rows; ++row) { for(size_t col = 0; col < num_rows; ++col) { assert(a[row, col] == a_ct_ct[row, col]); assert(conj(a_ct[col, row]) == a_ct_ct[row, col]); } } } — end example]

28.9.12 Algorithm requirements based on template parameter name [linalg.algs.reqs]

Throughout [linalg.algs.blas1], [linalg.algs.blas2], and [linalg.algs.blas3], where the template parameters are not constrained, the names of template parameters are used to express the following constraints.

(1.1)
is_execution_policy<ExecutionPolicy>::value is true ([execpol.type]).
(1.2)
Real is any type such that complex<Real> is specified ([complex.numbers.general]).
(1.3)
Triangle is either upper_triangle_t or lower_triangle_t.
(1.4)
DiagonalStorage is either implicit_unit_diagonal_t or explicit_diagonal_t.

[Note 1:

Function templates that have a template parameter named ExecutionPolicy are parallel algorithms ([algorithms.parallel.defns]).

— end note]

28.9.13 BLAS 1 algorithms [linalg.algs.blas1]

28.9.13.1 Complexity [linalg.algs.blas1.complexity]

Complexity: All algorithms in [linalg.algs.blas1] with mdspan parameters perform a count of mdspan array accesses and arithmetic operations that is linear in the maximum product of extents of any mdspan parameter.

28.9.13.2 Givens rotations [linalg.algs.blas1.givens]

28.9.13.2.1 Compute Givens rotation [linalg.algs.blas1.givens.lartg]

🔗

template<class Real>
  setup_givens_rotation_result<Real> setup_givens_rotation(Real a, Real b) noexcept;

template<class Real>
  setup_givens_rotation_result<complex<Real>>
    setup_givens_rotation(complex<Real> a, complex<Real> b) noexcept;

These functions compute the Givens plane rotation represented by the two values c and s such that the 2 x 2 system of equations

[\begin{matrix} c & s - ¯ ¯ ¯ s & c \end{matrix}] \cdot [\begin{matrix} a b \end{matrix}] = [\begin{matrix} r 0 \end{matrix}]

holds, where c is always a real scalar, and

c^{2} + | s |^{2} = 1

That is, c and s represent a 2 x 2 matrix, that when multiplied by the right by the input vector whose components are a and b, produces a result vector whose first component r is the Euclidean norm of the input vector, and whose second component is zero.

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the LAPACK function xLARTG[bib].

— end note]

Returns: c, s, r, where c and s form the Givens plane rotation corresponding to the input a and b, and r is the Euclidean norm of the two-component vector formed by a and b.

28.9.13.2.2 Apply a computed Givens rotation to vectors [linalg.algs.blas1.givens.rot]

🔗

template<inout-vector InOutVec1, inout-vector InOutVec2, class Real>
  void apply_givens_rotation(InOutVec1 x, InOutVec2 y, Real c, Real s);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, inout-vector InOutVec1, inout-vector InOutVec2, class Real>
  void apply_givens_rotation(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                             InOutVec1 x, InOutVec2 y, Real c, Real s);
template<inout-vector InOutVec1, inout-vector InOutVec2, class Real>
  void apply_givens_rotation(InOutVec1 x, InOutVec2 y, Real c, complex<Real> s);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, inout-vector InOutVec1, inout-vector InOutVec2, class Real>
  void apply_givens_rotation(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                             InOutVec1 x, InOutVec2 y, Real c, complex<Real> s);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xROT[bib].

— end note]

Mandates: compatible-static-extents<InOutVec1, InOutVec2>(0, 0) is true.

Preconditions: x.extent(0) equals y.extent(0).

Effects: Applies the plane rotation specified by c and s to the input vectors x and y, as if the rotation were a 2 x 2 matrix and the input vectors were successive rows of a matrix with two rows.

28.9.13.3 Swap matrix or vector elements [linalg.algs.blas1.swap]

🔗

template<inout-object InOutObj1, inout-object InOutObj2>
  void swap_elements(InOutObj1 x, InOutObj2 y);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, inout-object InOutObj1, inout-object InOutObj2>
  void swap_elements(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InOutObj1 x, InOutObj2 y);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xSWAP[bib].

— end note]

Constraints: x.rank() equals y.rank().

Mandates: For all r in the range [0, x.rank()), compatible-static-extents<InOutObj1, InOutObj2>(r, r) is true.

Preconditions: x.extents() equals y.extents().

Effects: Swaps all corresponding elements of x and y.

28.9.13.4 Multiply the elements of an object in place by a scalar [linalg.algs.blas1.scal]

🔗

template<class Scalar, inout-object InOutObj>
  void scale(Scalar alpha, InOutObj x);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, class Scalar, inout-object InOutObj>
  void scale(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, Scalar alpha, InOutObj x);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xSCAL[bib].

— end note]

Effects: Overwrites x with the result of computing the elementwise multiplication αx, where the scalar α is alpha.

28.9.13.5 Copy elements of one matrix or vector into another [linalg.algs.blas1.copy]

🔗

template<in-object InObj, out-object OutObj>
  void copy(InObj x, OutObj y);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-object InObj, out-object OutObj>
  void copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InObj x, OutObj y);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xCOPY[bib].

— end note]

Constraints: x.rank() equals y.rank().

Mandates: For all r in the range

[0, x.rank())

, compatible-static-extents<InObj, OutObj>(r, r) is true.

Preconditions: x.extents() equals y.extents().

Effects: Assigns each element of x to the corresponding element of y.

28.9.13.6 Add vectors or matrices elementwise [linalg.algs.blas1.add]

🔗

template<in-object InObj1, in-object InObj2, out-object OutObj>
  void add(InObj1 x, InObj2 y, OutObj z);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-object InObj1, in-object InObj2, out-object OutObj>
  void add(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
           InObj1 x, InObj2 y, OutObj z);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xAXPY[bib].

— end note]

Constraints: x.rank(), y.rank(), and z.rank() are all equal.

Mandates: possibly-addable<InObj1, InObj2, OutObj>() is true.

Preconditions: addable(x,y,z) is true.

Effects: Computes

z = x + y

Remarks: z may alias x or y.

28.9.13.7 Dot product of two vectors [linalg.algs.blas1.dot]

[Note 1:

The functions in this section correspond to the BLAS functions xDOT, xDOTU, and xDOTC[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas1.dot].

Mandates: compatible-static-extents<InVec1, InVec2>(0, 0) is true.

Preconditions: v1.extent(0) equals v2.extent(0).

🔗

template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, class Scalar>
  Scalar dot(InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2, Scalar init);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, class Scalar>
  Scalar dot(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
             InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2, Scalar init);

These functions compute a non-conjugated dot product with an explicitly specified result type.

Returns: Let N be v1.extent(0).

(6.1)
init if N is zero;
(6.2)
otherwise, GENERALIZED_SUM(plus<>(), init, v1[0]*v2[0], …, v1[N-1]*v2[N-1]).

Remarks: If InVec1::value_type, InVec2::value_type, and Scalar are all floating-point types or specializations of complex, and if Scalar has higher precision than InVec1::value_type or InVec2::value_type, then intermediate terms in the sum use Scalar's precision or greater.

🔗

  template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2>
    auto dot(InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2>
    auto dot(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
             InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2);

These functions compute a non-conjugated dot product with a default result type.

Effects: Let T be decltype(declval<typename InVec1::value_type>() * declval<typename InVec2::value_type>()).

Then,

(9.1)
the two-parameter overload is equivalent to: return dot(v1, v2, T{}); and
(9.2)
the three-parameter overload is equivalent to: return dot(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), v1, v2, T{});

🔗

template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, class Scalar>
  Scalar dotc(InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2, Scalar init);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, class Scalar>
  Scalar dotc(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
              InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2, Scalar init);

These functions compute a conjugated dot product with an explicitly specified result type.

Effects:

(11.1)
The three-parameter overload is equivalent to: return dot(conjugated(v1), v2, init); and
(11.2)
the four-parameter overload is equivalent to: return dot(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), conjugated(v1), v2, init);

🔗

template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2>
  auto dotc(InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2>
  auto dotc(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
            InVec1 v1, InVec2 v2);

These functions compute a conjugated dot product with a default result type.

Effects: Let T be decltype(conj-if-needed(declval<typename InVec1::value_type>()) * declval<typename InVec2::value_type>()).

Then,

(13.1)
the two-parameter overload is equivalent to: return dotc(v1, v2, T{}); and
(13.2)
the three-parameter overload is equivalent to return dotc(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), v1, v2, T{});

28.9.13.8 Scaled sum of squares of a vector's elements [linalg.algs.blas1.ssq]

🔗

template<in-vector InVec, class Scalar>
  sum_of_squares_result<Scalar> vector_sum_of_squares(InVec v, sum_of_squares_result<Scalar> init);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec, class Scalar>
  sum_of_squares_result<Scalar> vector_sum_of_squares(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                                      InVec v, sum_of_squares_result<Scalar> init);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the LAPACK function xLASSQ[bib].

— end note]

Mandates: decltype(abs-if-needed(declval<typename InVec::value_type>())) is convertible to Scalar.

Effects: Returns a value result such that

(3.1)
result.scaling_factor is the maximum of init.scaling_factor and abs-if-needed(x[i]) for all i in the domain of v; and
(3.2)
let s2init be init.scaling_factor * init.scaling_factor * init.scaled_sum_of_squares then result.scaling_factor * result.scaling_factor * result.scaled_sum_of_squares equals the sum of s2init and the squares of abs-if-needed(x[i]) for all i in the domain of v.

Remarks: If InVec::value_type, and Scalar are all floating-point types or specializations of complex, and if Scalar has higher precision than InVec::value_type, then intermediate terms in the sum use Scalar's precision or greater.

28.9.13.9 Euclidean norm of a vector [linalg.algs.blas1.nrm2]

🔗

template<in-vector InVec, class Scalar>
  Scalar vector_two_norm(InVec v, Scalar init);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec, class Scalar>
  Scalar vector_two_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v, Scalar init);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xNRM2[bib].

— end note]

Mandates: Let a be abs-if-needed(declval<typename InVec::value_type>()).

Then, decltype(
init + a * a is convertible to Scalar.

Returns: The square root of the sum of the square of init and the squares of the absolute values of the elements of v.

[Note 2:

For init equal to zero, this is the Euclidean norm (also called 2-norm) of the vector v.

— end note]

[Note 3:

An implementation of this function for floating-point types T can use the scaled_sum_of_squares result from vector_sum_of_squares(x, {.scaling_factor=1.0, .scaled_sum_of_squares=init}).

— end note]

🔗

template<in-vector InVec>
  auto vector_two_norm(InVec v);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec>
  auto vector_two_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v);

Effects: Let a be abs-if-needed(declval<typename InVec::value_type>()).

Let T be decltype(a * a).

Then,

(5.1)
the one-parameter overload is equivalent to: return vector_two_norm(v, T{}); and
(5.2)
the two-parameter overload is equivalent to: return vector_two_norm(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), v, T{});

28.9.13.10 Sum of absolute values of vector elements [linalg.algs.blas1.asum]

🔗

template<in-vector InVec, class Scalar>
  Scalar vector_abs_sum(InVec v, Scalar init);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec, class Scalar>
  Scalar vector_abs_sum(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v, Scalar init);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions SASUM, DASUM, SCASUM, and DZASUM[bib].

— end note]

Mandates: decltype(init + abs-if-needed(real-if-needed(declval<typename InVec::value_type>())) + abs-if-needed(imag-if-needed(declval<typename InVec::value_type>()))) is convertible to Scalar.

Returns: Let N be v.extent(0).

(3.1)
init if N is zero;
(3.2)
otherwise, if InVec::value_type is an arithmetic type, GENERALIZED_SUM(plus<>(), init, abs-if-needed(v[0]), …, abs-if-needed(v[N-1]))
(3.3)
otherwise, GENERALIZED_SUM(plus<>(), init, abs-if-needed(real-if-needed(v[0])) + abs-if-needed(imag-if-needed(v[0])), …, abs-if-needed(real-if-needed(v[N-1])) + abs-if-needed(imag-if-needed(v[N-1])))

Remarks: If InVec::value_type and Scalar are all floating-point types or specializations of complex, and if Scalar has higher precision than InVec::value_type, then intermediate terms in the sum use Scalar's precision or greater.

🔗

template<in-vector InVec>
  auto vector_abs_sum(InVec v);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec>
  auto vector_abs_sum(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v);

Effects: Let T be typename InVec::value_type.

Then,

(5.1)
the one-parameter overload is equivalent to: return vector_abs_sum(v, T{}); and
(5.2)
the two-parameter overload is equivalent to: return vector_abs_sum(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), v, T{});

28.9.13.11 Index of maximum absolute value of vector elements [linalg.algs.blas1.iamax]

🔗

template<in-vector InVec>
  typename InVec::extents_type vector_idx_abs_max(InVec v);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec>
  typename InVec::extents_type vector_idx_abs_max(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec v);

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function IxAMAX[bib].

— end note]

Let T be decltype(abs-if-needed(real-if-needed(declval<typename InVec::value_type>())) + abs-if-needed(imag-if-needed(declval<typename InVec::value_type>())))

Mandates: declval<T>() < declval<T>() is a valid expression.

Returns:

(4.1)
numeric_limits<typename InVec::size_type>::max() if v has zero elements;
(4.2)
otherwise, the index of the first element of v having largest absolute value, if InVec::value_type is an arithmetic type;
(4.3)
otherwise, the index of the first element $v_{e}$ of v for which abs-if-needed(real-if-needed( $v_{e}$ )) + abs-if-needed(imag-if-needed( $v_{e}$ )) has the largest value.

28.9.13.12 Frobenius norm of a matrix [linalg.algs.blas1.matfrobnorm]

[Note 1:

These functions exist in the BLAS standard[bib] but are not part of the reference implementation.

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Scalar>
  Scalar matrix_frob_norm(InMat A, Scalar init);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Scalar>
  Scalar matrix_frob_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Scalar init);

Mandates: Let a be abs-if-needed(declval<typename InMat::value_type>()).

Then, decltype(
init + a * a) is convertible to Scalar.

Returns: The square root of the sum of squares of init and the absolute values of the elements of A.

[Note 2:

For init equal to zero, this is the Frobenius norm of the matrix A.

— end note]

Remarks: If InMat::value_type and Scalar are all floating-point types or specializations of complex, and if Scalar has higher precision than InMat::value_type, then intermediate terms in the sum use Scalar's precision or greater.

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat>
  auto matrix_frob_norm(InMat A);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat>
  auto matrix_frob_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A);

Effects: Let a be abs-if-needed(declval<typename InMat::value_type>()).

Let T be decltype(a * a).

Then,

(5.1)
the one-parameter overload is equivalent to: return matrix_frob_norm(A, T{}); and
(5.2)
the two-parameter overload is equivalent to: return matrix_frob_norm(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, T{});

28.9.13.13 One norm of a matrix [linalg.algs.blas1.matonenorm]

[Note 1:

These functions exist in the BLAS standard[bib] but are not part of the reference implementation.

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Scalar>
  Scalar matrix_one_norm(InMat A, Scalar init);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Scalar>
  Scalar matrix_one_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Scalar init);

Mandates: decltype(abs-if-needed(declval<typename InMat::value_type>())) is convertible to Scalar.

Returns:

(3.1)
init if A.extent(1) is zero;
(3.2)
otherwise, the sum of init and the one norm of the matrix A.

[Note 2:

The one norm of the matrix A is the maximum over all columns of A, of the sum of the absolute values of the elements of the column.

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat>
  auto matrix_one_norm(InMat A);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat>
  auto matrix_one_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A);

Effects: Let T be decltype(abs-if-needed(declval<typename InMat::value_type>()).

Then,

(5.1)
the one-parameter overload is equivalent to: return matrix_one_norm(A, T{}); and
(5.2)
the two-parameter overload is equivalent to: return matrix_one_norm(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, T{});

28.9.13.14 Infinity norm of a matrix [linalg.algs.blas1.matinfnorm]

[Note 1:

These functions exist in the BLAS standard[bib] but are not part of the reference implementation.

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Scalar>
  Scalar matrix_inf_norm(InMat A, Scalar init);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Scalar>
  Scalar matrix_inf_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, Scalar init);

Mandates: decltype(abs-if-needed(declval<typename InMat::value_type>())) is convertible to Scalar.

Returns:

(3.1)
init if A.extent(0) is zero;
(3.2)
otherwise, the sum of init and the infinity norm of the matrix A.

[Note 2:

The infinity norm of the matrix A is the maximum over all rows of A, of the sum of the absolute values of the elements of the row.

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat>
  auto matrix_inf_norm(InMat A);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat>
  auto matrix_inf_norm(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A);

Effects: Let T be decltype(abs-if-needed(declval<typename InMat::value_type>()).

Then,

(5.1)
the one-parameter overload is equivalent to: return matrix_inf_norm(A, T{}); and
(5.2)
the two-parameter overload is equivalent to: return matrix_inf_norm(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, T{});

28.9.14 BLAS 2 algorithms [linalg.algs.blas2]

28.9.14.1 General matrix-vector product [linalg.algs.blas2.gemv]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xGEMV.

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas2.gemv].

Mandates:

(3.1)
possibly-multipliable<decltype(A), decltype(x), decltype(y)>() is true, and
(3.2)
possibly-addable<decltype(x), decltype(y), decltype(z)>() is true for those overloads that take a z parameter.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
multipliable(A,x,y) is true, and
(4.2)
addable(x,y,z) is true for those overloads that take a z parameter.

Complexity:

O (x.extent(0) \times A.extent(1))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec>
  void matrix_vector_product(InMat A, InVec x, OutVec y);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec>
  void matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat A, InVec x, OutVec y);

These functions perform an overwriting matrix-vector product.

Effects: Computes

y = A x

[Example 1: constexpr size_t num_rows = 5; constexpr size_t num_cols = 6; // y = 3.0 * A * x void scaled_matvec_1(mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_rows, num_cols>> A, mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_cols>> x, mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_rows>> y) { matrix_vector_product(scaled(3.0, A), x, y); } // z = 7.0 times the transpose of A, times y void scaled_transposed_matvec(mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_rows, num_cols>> A, mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_rows>> y, mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_cols>> z) { matrix_vector_product(scaled(7.0, transposed(A)), y, z); } — end example]

🔗

  template<in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec>
    void matrix_vector_product(InMat A, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy,
           in-matrix InMat, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec>
    void matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                               InMat A, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z);

These functions performs an updating matrix-vector product.

Effects: Computes

z = y + A x

Remarks: z may alias y.

[Example 2: // y = 3.0 * A * x + 2.0 * y void scaled_matvec_2(mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_rows, num_cols>> A, mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_cols>> x, mdspan<double, extents<size_t, num_rows>> y) { matrix_vector_product(scaled(3.0, A), x, scaled(2.0, y), y); } — end example]

28.9.14.2 Symmetric matrix-vector product [linalg.algs.blas2.symv]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xSYMV and xSPMV[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas2.symv].

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(A)>(0, 1) is true;
(3.3)
possibly-multipliable<decltype(A), decltype(x), decltype(y)>() is true; and
(3.4)
possibly-addable<decltype(x), decltype(y), decltype(z)>() is true for those overloads that take a z parameter.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
A.extent(0) equals A.extent(1),
(4.2)
multipliable(A,x,y) is true, and
(4.3)
addable(x,y,z) is true for those overloads that take a z parameter.

Complexity:

O (x.extent(0) \times A.extent(1))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec>
  void symmetric_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, InVec x, OutVec y);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec>
  void symmetric_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                       InMat A, Triangle t, InVec x, OutVec y);

These functions perform an overwriting symmetric matrix-vector product, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to the symmetric matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

y = A x

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec>
  void symmetric_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec>
  void symmetric_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                       InMat A, Triangle t, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z);

These functions perform an updating symmetric matrix-vector product, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to the symmetric matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

z = y + A x

Remarks: z may alias y.

28.9.14.3 Hermitian matrix-vector product [linalg.algs.blas2.hemv]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xHEMV and xHPMV[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas2.hemv].

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(A)>(0, 1) is true;
(3.3)
possibly-multipliable<decltype(A), decltype(x), decltype(y)>() is true; and
(3.4)
possibly-addable<decltype(x), decltype(y), decltype(z)>() is true for those overloads that take a z parameter.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
A.extent(0) equals A.extent(1),
(4.2)
multipliable(A, x, y) is true, and
(4.3)
addable(x, y, z) is true for those overloads that take a z parameter.

Complexity:

O (x.extent(0) \times A.extent(1))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec>
  void hermitian_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, InVec x, OutVec y);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec>
  void hermitian_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                       InMat A, Triangle t, InVec x, OutVec y);

These functions perform an overwriting Hermitian matrix-vector product, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to the Hermitian matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

y = A x

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec>
  void hermitian_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec>
  void hermitian_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                       InMat A, Triangle t, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z);

These functions perform an updating Hermitian matrix-vector product, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to the Hermitian matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

z = y + A x

Remarks: z may alias y.

28.9.14.4 Triangular matrix-vector product [linalg.algs.blas2.trmv]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xTRMV and xTPMV[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas2.trmv].

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(A)>(0, 1) is true;
(3.3)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(y)>(0, 0) is true;
(3.4)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(x)>(0, 0) is true for those overloads that take an x parameter; and
(3.5)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(z)>(0, 0) is true for those overloads that take a z parameter.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
A.extent(0) equals A.extent(1),
(4.2)
A.extent(0) equals y.extent(0),
(4.3)
A.extent(0) equals x.extent(0) for those overloads that take an x parameter, and
(4.4)
A.extent(0) equals z.extent(0) for those overloads that take a z parameter.

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec,
         out-vector OutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec x, OutVec y);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, in-vector InVec,
         out-vector OutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                        InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec x, OutVec y);

These functions perform an overwriting triangular matrix-vector product, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

y = A x

Complexity:

O (x.extent(0) \times A.extent(1))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec y);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                        InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec y);

These functions perform an in-place triangular matrix-vector product, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

[Note 2:

Performing this operation in place hinders parallelization.

However, other ExecutionPolicy specific optimizations, such as vectorization, are still possible.

— end note]

Effects: Computes a vector

y^{'}

such that

y^{'} = A y

, and assigns each element of

y^{'}

to the corresponding element of y.

Complexity:

O (y.extent(0) \times A.extent(1))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                        InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, out-vector OutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                        InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                        InVec1 x, InVec2 y, OutVec z);

These functions perform an updating triangular matrix-vector product, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

z = y + A x

Complexity:

O (x.extent(0) \times A.extent(1))

Remarks: z may alias y.

28.9.14.5 Solve a triangular linear system [linalg.algs.blas2.trsv]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xTRSV and xTPSV[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas2.trsv].

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(A)>(0, 1) is true;
(3.3)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(b)>(0, 0) is true; and
(3.4)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(x)>(0, 0) is true for those overloads that take an x parameter.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
A.extent(0) equals A.extent(1),
(4.2)
A.extent(0) equals b.extent(0), and
(4.3)
A.extent(0) equals x.extent(0) for those overloads that take an x parameter.

🔗

  template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
           in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec, class BinaryDivideOp>
    void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                        InVec b, OutVec x, BinaryDivideOp divide);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
           in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec, class BinaryDivideOp>
    void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                        InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                        InVec b, OutVec x, BinaryDivideOp divide);

These functions perform a triangular solve, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes a vector

x^{'}

such that

b = A x^{'}

, and assigns each element of

x^{'}

to the corresponding element of x.

If no such

x^{'}

exists, then the elements of x are valid but unspecified.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(1) \times b.extent(0))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec b, OutVec x);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_vector_solve(A, t, d, b, x, divides<void>{});

🔗

template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-vector InVec, out-vector OutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InVec b, OutVec x);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_vector_solve(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, t, d, b, x, divides<void>{});

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         inout-vector InOutVec, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                      InOutVec b, BinaryDivideOp divide);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         inout-vector InOutVec, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                      InOutVec b, BinaryDivideOp divide);

These functions perform an in-place triangular solve, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

[Note 2:

Performing triangular solve in place hinders parallelization.

However, other ExecutionPolicy specific optimizations, such as vectorization, are still possible.

— end note]

Effects: Computes a vector

x^{'}

such that

b = A x^{'}

, and assigns each element of

x^{'}

to the corresponding element of b.

If no such

x^{'}

exists, then the elements of b are valid but unspecified.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(1) \times b.extent(0))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec b);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_vector_solve(A, t, d, b, divides<void>{});

🔗

template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-vector InOutVec>
  void triangular_matrix_vector_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutVec b);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_vector_solve(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, t, d, b, divides<void>{});

28.9.14.6 Rank-1 (outer product) update of a matrix [linalg.algs.blas2.rank1]

🔗

template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void matrix_rank_1_update(InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A);

These functions perform a nonsymmetric nonconjugated rank-1 update.

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xGER (for real element types) and xGERU (for complex element types)[bib].

— end note]

Mandates: possibly-multipliable<InOutMat, InVec2, InVec1>() is true.

Preconditions: multipliable(A, y, x) is true.

Effects: Computes a matrix

A^{'}

such that

A^{'} = A + x y^{T}

, and assigns each element of

A^{'}

to the corresponding element of A.

Complexity:

O (x.extent(0) \times y.extent(0))

🔗

template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void matrix_rank_1_update_c(InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void matrix_rank_1_update_c(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A);

These functions perform a nonsymmetric conjugated rank-1 update.

[Note 2:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xGER (for real element types) and xGERC (for complex element types)[bib].

— end note]

Effects:

(7.1)
For the overloads without an ExecutionPolicy argument, equivalent to: matrix_rank_1_update(x, conjugated(y), A);
(7.2)
otherwise, equivalent to: matrix_rank_1_update(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), x, conjugated(y), A);

28.9.14.7 Symmetric or Hermitian Rank-1 (outer product) update of a matrix [linalg.algs.blas2.symherrank1]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xSYR, xSPR, xHER, and xHPR[bib].

They have overloads taking a scaling factor alpha, because it would be impossible to express the update

A = A - x x^{T}

otherwise.

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas2.symherrank1].

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InOutMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(A)>(0, 1) is true; and
(3.3)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(x)>(0, 0) is true.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
A.extent(0) equals A.extent(1), and
(4.2)
A.extent(0) equals x.extent(0).

Complexity:

O (x.extent(0) \times x.extent(0))

🔗

template<class Scalar, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_1_update(Scalar alpha, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         class Scalar, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      Scalar alpha, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t);

These functions perform a symmetric rank-1 update of the symmetric matrix A, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes a matrix

A^{'}

such that

A^{'} = A + α x x^{T}

, where the scalar α is alpha, and assigns each element of

A^{'}

to the corresponding element of A.

🔗

template<in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_1_update(InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t);

These functions perform a symmetric rank-1 update of the symmetric matrix A, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes a matrix

A^{'}

such that

A^{'} = A + x x^{T}

and assigns each element of

A^{'}

to the corresponding element of A.

🔗

template<class Scalar, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_1_update(Scalar alpha, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         class Scalar, in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      Scalar alpha, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t);

These functions perform a Hermitian rank-1 update of the Hermitian matrix A, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

A^{'}

such that

A^{'} = A + α x x^{H}

, where the scalar α is alpha, and assigns each element of

A^{'}

to the corresponding element of A.

🔗

template<in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_1_update(InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-vector InVec, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_1_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InVec x, InOutMat A, Triangle t);

These functions perform a Hermitian rank-1 update of the Hermitian matrix A, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes a matrix

A^{'}

such that

A^{'} = A + x x^{H}

and assigns each element of

A^{'}

to the corresponding element of A.

28.9.14.8 Symmetric and Hermitian rank-2 matrix updates [linalg.algs.blas2.rank2]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xSYR2,xSPR2, xHER2 and xHPR2[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas2.rank2].

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InOutMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(A)>(0, 1) is true; and
(3.3)
possibly-multipliable<decltype(A), decltype(x), decltype(y)>() is true.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
A.extent(0) equals A.extent(1), and
(4.2)
multipliable(A, x, y) is true.

Complexity:

O (x.extent(0) \times y.extent(0))

🔗

template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2,
         possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_2_update(InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2,
         possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_2_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A, Triangle t);

These functions perform a symmetric rank-2 update of the symmetric matrix A, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

A^{'}

such that

A^{'} = A + x y^{T} + y x^{T}

and assigns each element of

A^{'}

to the corresponding element of A.

🔗

template<in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2,
         possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_2_update(InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-vector InVec1, in-vector InVec2,
         possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_2_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      InVec1 x, InVec2 y, InOutMat A, Triangle t);

These functions perform a Hermitian rank-2 update of the Hermitian matrix A, taking into account the Triangle parameter that applies to A ([linalg.general]).

Effects: Computes

A^{'}

such that

A^{'} = A + x y^{H} + y x^{H}

and assigns each element of

A^{'}

to the corresponding element of A.

28.9.15 BLAS 3 algorithms [linalg.algs.blas3]

28.9.15.1 General matrix-matrix product [linalg.algs.blas3.gemm]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xGEMM[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas3.gemm] in addition to function-specific elements.

Mandates: possibly-multipliable<decltype(A), decltype(B), decltype(C)>() is true.

Preconditions: multipliable(A, B, C) is true.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times A.extent(1) \times B.extent(1))

🔗

  template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
    void matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, OutMat C);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
    void matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, OutMat C);

Effects: Computes

C = A B

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat>
  void matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat>
  void matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C);

Mandates: possibly-addable<InMat3, InMat3, OutMat>() is true.

Preconditions: addable(E, E, C) is true.

Effects: Computes

C = E + A B

Remarks: C may alias E.

28.9.15.2 Symmetric, Hermitian, and triangular matrix-matrix product [linalg.algs.blas3.xxmm]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xSYMM, xHEMM, and xTRMM[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas3.xxmm] in addition to function-specific elements.

Mandates:

(3.1)
possibly-multipliable<decltype(A), decltype(B), decltype(C)>() is true, and
(3.2)
possibly-addable<decltype(E), decltype(E), decltype(C)>() is true for those overloads that take an E parameter.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
multipliable(A, B, C) is true, and
(4.2)
addable(E, E, C) is true for those overloads that take an E parameter.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times A.extent(1) \times B.extent(1))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void symmetric_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void symmetric_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, OutMat C);

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void hermitian_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void hermitian_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec, InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, OutMat C);

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                 InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, OutMat C);

These functions perform a matrix-matrix multiply, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage (if applicable) parameters that apply to the symmetric, Hermitian, or triangular (respectively) matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Mandates:

(7.1)
If InMat1 has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument; and
(7.2)
compatible-static-extents<InMat1, InMat1>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions: A.extent(0) == A.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes

C = A B

🔗

  template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, out-matrix OutMat>
    void symmetric_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, OutMat C);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy,
           in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, out-matrix OutMat>
    void symmetric_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                  InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, OutMat C);

  template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, out-matrix OutMat>
    void hermitian_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, OutMat C);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy,
           in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, out-matrix OutMat>
    void hermitian_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                  InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, OutMat C);

  template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
           out-matrix OutMat>
    void triangular_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, OutMat C);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy,
           in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
           out-matrix OutMat>
    void triangular_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                   InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, OutMat C);

Mandates:

(11.1)
If InMat2 has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument; and
(11.2)
compatible-static-extents<InMat2, InMat2>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions: B.extent(0) == B.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes

C = A B

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3,
         out-matrix OutMat>
  void symmetric_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3,
         out-matrix OutMat>
  void symmetric_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C);

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3,
         out-matrix OutMat>
  void hermitian_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3,
         out-matrix OutMat>
  void hermitian_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                InMat1 A, Triangle t, InMat2 B, InMat3 E, OutMat C);

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_product(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, InMat3 E,
                                 OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                 InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat2 B, InMat3 E,
                                 OutMat C);

These functions perform a potentially overwriting matrix-matrix multiply-add, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage (if applicable) parameters that apply to the symmetric, Hermitian, or triangular (respectively) matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Mandates:

(15.1)
If InMat1 has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument; and
(15.2)
compatible-static-extents<InMat1, InMat1>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions: A.extent(0) == A.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes

C = E + A B

Remarks: C may alias E.

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat3,
         out-matrix OutMat>
  void symmetric_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, InMat3 E, OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat3,
         out-matrix OutMat>
  void symmetric_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, InMat3 E, OutMat C);

template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat3,
         out-matrix OutMat>
  void hermitian_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, InMat3 E, OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, in-matrix InMat3,
         out-matrix OutMat>
  void hermitian_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, InMat3 E, OutMat C);

template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_product(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat3 E,
                                 OutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat3, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                 InMat1 A, InMat2 B, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InMat3 E,
                                 OutMat C);

Mandates:

(20.1)
If InMat2 has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument; and
(20.2)
compatible-static-extents<InMat2, InMat2>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions: B.extent(0) == B.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes

C = E + A B

Remarks: C may alias E.

28.9.15.3 In-place triangular matrix-matrix product [linalg.algs.blas3.trmm]

These functions perform an in-place matrix-matrix multiply, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xTRMM[bib].

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_left_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_left_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat C);

Mandates:

(2.1)
If InMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(2.2)
possibly-multipliable<InMat, InOutMat, InOutMat>() is true; and
(2.3)
compatible-static-extents<InMat, InMat>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions:

(3.1)
multipliable(A, C, C) is true, and
(3.2)
A.extent(0) == A.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes a matrix

C^{'}

such that

C^{'} = A C

and assigns each element of

C^{'}

to the corresponding element of C.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times A.extent(1) \times C.extent(0))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_right_product(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat C);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_right_product(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                       InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat C);

Mandates:

(6.1)
If InMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(6.2)
possibly-multipliable<InOutMat, InMat, InOutMat>() is true; and
(6.3)
compatible-static-extents<InMat, InMat>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions:

(7.1)
multipliable(C, A, C) is true, and
(7.2)
A.extent(0) == A.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes a matrix

C^{'}

such that

C^{'} = C A

and assigns each element of

C^{'}

to the corresponding element of C.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times A.extent(1) \times C.extent(0))

28.9.15.4 Rank-k update of a symmetric or Hermitian matrix [linalg.algs.blas3.rankk]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xSYRK and xHERK[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas3.rankk].

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InOutMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(A)>(0, 1) is true;
(3.3)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(C), decltype(C)>(0, 1) is true; and
(3.4)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(C)>(0, 0) is true.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
A.extent(0) equals A.extent(1),
(4.2)
C.extent(0) equals C.extent(1), and
(4.3)
A.extent(0) equals C.extent(0).

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times A.extent(1) \times C.extent(0))

🔗

  template<class Scalar, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
    void symmetric_matrix_rank_k_update(Scalar alpha, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class Scalar,
           in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
    void symmetric_matrix_rank_k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                        Scalar alpha, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t);

Effects: Computes a matrix

C^{'}

such that

C^{'} = C + α A A^{T}

, where the scalar α is alpha, and assigns each element of

C^{'}

to the corresponding element of C.

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_k_update(InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t);

Effects: Computes a matrix

C^{'}

such that

C^{'} = C + A A^{T}

, and assigns each element of

C^{'}

to the corresponding element of C.

🔗

template<class Scalar, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_k_update(Scalar alpha, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         class Scalar, in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      Scalar alpha, InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t);

Effects: Computes a matrix

C^{'}

such that

C^{'} = C + α A A^{H}

, where the scalar α is alpha, and assigns each element of

C^{'}

to the corresponding element of C.

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_k_update(InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                      InMat A, InOutMat C, Triangle t);

Effects: Computes a matrix

C^{'}

such that

C^{'} = C + A A^{H}

, and assigns each element of

C^{'}

to the corresponding element of C.

28.9.15.5 Rank-2k update of a symmetric or Hermitian matrix [linalg.algs.blas3.rank2k]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS functions xSYR2K and xHER2K[bib].

— end note]

The following elements apply to all functions in [linalg.algs.blas3.rank2k].

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InOutMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
possibly-addable<decltype(A), decltype(B), decltype(C)>() is true; and
(3.3)
compatible-static-extents<decltype(A), decltype(A)>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
addable(A, B, C) is true, and
(4.2)
A.extent(0) equals A.extent(1).

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times A.extent(1) \times C.extent(0))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2,
         possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_2k_update(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InOutMat C, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2,
         possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void symmetric_matrix_rank_2k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                       InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InOutMat C, Triangle t);

Effects: Computes a matrix

C^{'}

such that

C^{'} = C + A B^{T} + B A^{T}

, and assigns each element of

C^{'}

to the corresponding element of C.

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2,
         possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_2k_update(InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InOutMat C, Triangle t);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, in-matrix InMat2,
         possibly-packed-inout-matrix InOutMat, class Triangle>
  void hermitian_matrix_rank_2k_update(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                       InMat1 A, InMat2 B, InOutMat C, Triangle t);

Effects: Computes a matrix

C^{'}

such that

C^{'} = C + A B^{H} + B A^{H}

, and assigns each element of

C^{'}

to the corresponding element of C.

28.9.15.6 Solve multiple triangular linear systems [linalg.algs.blas3.trsm]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xTRSM[bib].

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                           InMat2 B, OutMat X, BinaryDivideOp divide);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                           InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                           InMat2 B, OutMat X, BinaryDivideOp divide);

These functions perform multiple matrix solves, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InMat1 has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
possibly-multipliable<InMat1, OutMat, InMat2>() is true; and
(3.3)
compatible-static-extents<InMat1, InMat1>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
multipliable(A, X, B) is true, and
(4.2)
A.extent(0) == A.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes

X^{'}

such that

A X^{'} = B

, and assigns each element of

X^{'}

to the corresponding element of X.

If no such

X^{'}

exists, then the elements of X are valid but unspecified.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times X.extent(1) \times X.extent(1))

[Note 2:

Since the triangular matrix is on the left, the desired divide implementation in the case of noncommutative multiplication is mathematically equivalent to

y^{- 1} x

, where x is the first argument and y is the second argument, and

y^{- 1}

denotes the multiplicative inverse of y.

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                           InMat2 B, OutMat X);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(A, t, d, B, X, divides<void>{});

🔗

template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                           InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                           InMat2 B, OutMat X);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, t, d, B, X, divides<void>{});

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                            InMat2 B, OutMat X, BinaryDivideOp divide);
template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                            InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                            InMat2 B, OutMat X, BinaryDivideOp divide);

These functions perform multiple matrix solves, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

Mandates:

(11.1)
If InMat1 has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(11.2)
possibly-multipliable<OutMat, InMat1, InMat2>() is true; and
(11.3)
compatible-static-extents<InMat1, InMat1>(0,1) is true.

Preconditions:

(12.1)
multipliable(X, A, B) is true, and
(12.2)
A.extent(0) == A.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes

X^{'}

such that

X^{'} A = B

, and assigns each element of

X^{'}

to the corresponding element of X.

If no such

X^{'}

exists, then the elements of X are valid but unspecified.

Complexity: O( B.extent(0)

\cdot

B.extent(1)

\cdot

A.extent(1) )

[Note 3:

Since the triangular matrix is on the right, the desired divide implementation in the case of noncommutative multiplication is mathematically equivalent to

x y^{- 1}

, where x is the first argument and y is the second argument, and

y^{- 1}

denotes the multiplicative inverse of y.

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                            InMat2 B, OutMat X);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(A, t, d, B, X, divides<void>{});

🔗

template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat1, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         in-matrix InMat2, out-matrix OutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                            InMat1 A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                            InMat2 B, OutMat X);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, t, d, B, X, divides<void>{});

28.9.15.7 Solve multiple triangular linear systems in-place [linalg.algs.blas3.inplacetrsm]

[Note 1:

These functions correspond to the BLAS function xTRSM[bib].

— end note]

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         inout-matrix InOutMat, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                           InOutMat B, BinaryDivideOp divide);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         inout-matrix InOutMat, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                           InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                           InOutMat B, BinaryDivideOp divide);

These functions perform multiple in-place matrix solves, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

[Note 2:

This algorithm makes it possible to compute factorizations like Cholesky and LU in place.

Performing triangular solve in place hinders parallelization.

However, other ExecutionPolicy specific optimizations, such as vectorization, are still possible.

— end note]

Mandates:

(3.1)
If InMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(3.2)
possibly-multipliable<InMat, InOutMat, InOutMat>() is true; and
(3.3)
compatible-static-extents<InMat, InMat>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions:

(4.1)
multipliable(A, B, B) is true, and
(4.2)
A.extent(0) == A.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes

X^{'}

such that

A X^{'} = B

, and assigns each element of

X^{'}

to the corresponding element of B.

If so such

X^{'}

exists, then the elements of B are valid but unspecified.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times A.extent(1) \times B.extent(1))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                           InOutMat B);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(A, t, d, B, divides<void>{});

🔗

  template<class ExecutionPolicy,
           in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat>
    void triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                             InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                             InOutMat B);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_matrix_left_solve(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, t, d, B, divides<void>{});

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         inout-matrix InOutMat, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                            InOutMat B, BinaryDivideOp divide);
template<class ExecutionPolicy, in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage,
         inout-matrix InOutMat, class BinaryDivideOp>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                            InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                            InOutMat B, BinaryDivideOp divide);

These functions perform multiple in-place matrix solves, taking into account the Triangle and DiagonalStorage parameters that apply to the triangular matrix A ([linalg.general]).

[Note 3:

This algorithm makes it possible to compute factorizations like Cholesky and LU in place.

Performing triangular solve in place hinders parallelization.

However, other ExecutionPolicy specific optimizations, such as vectorization, are still possible.

— end note]

Mandates:

(10.1)
If InMat has layout_blas_packed layout, then the layout's Triangle template argument has the same type as the function's Triangle template argument;
(10.2)
possibly-multipliable<InOutMat, InMat, InOutMat>() is true; and
(10.3)
compatible-static-extents<InMat, InMat>(0, 1) is true.

Preconditions:

(11.1)
multipliable(B, A, B) is true, and
(11.2)
A.extent(0) == A.extent(1) is true.

Effects: Computes

X^{'}

such that

X^{'} A = B

, and assigns each element of

X^{'}

to the corresponding element of B.

If so such

X^{'}

exists, then the elements of B are valid but unspecified.

Complexity:

O (A.extent(0) \times A.extent(1) \times B.extent(1))

🔗

template<in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d, InOutMat B);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(A, t, d, B, divides<void>{});

🔗

template<class ExecutionPolicy,
         in-matrix InMat, class Triangle, class DiagonalStorage, inout-matrix InOutMat>
  void triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                            InMat A, Triangle t, DiagonalStorage d,
                                            InOutMat B);

Effects: Equivalent to: triangular_matrix_matrix_right_solve(std::forward<ExecutionPolicy>(exec), A, t, d, B, divides<void>{});